Q1. What exactly is sexual consent?

A: The World Health Organization defines consent as a freely given, reversible, informed, enthusiastic, and specific agreement to engage in sexual activity. In practice this means both—or all—partners actively say “yes” rather than simply failing to say “no.” Consent is communicated through clear words or unambiguous actions that are understood by everyone involved.

Q2. What is not consent, despite common myths?

A: Silence, coercion, manipulation, intoxication, and power imbalance all invalidate real consent. For instance, agreeing because you fear repercussions is compliance, not consent. Likewise, prior sexual history or a long-term relationship does not grant perpetual permission. The CDC’s prevention framework stresses that consent cannot exist under pressure or impairment.

Q3. How is consent best communicated—verbally or non-verbally?

A: Verbally is most reliable: “Would you like to…?” followed by an explicit “Yes.” Non-verbal cues—such as reciprocal touch, active participation, eye contact—can complement words, but they should never replace a verbal check-in when uncertainty exists. Planned Parenthood materials encourage the “FRIES” checklist: Freely Given, Reversible, Informed, Enthusiastic, and Specific.

“If you are not sure, pause and ask. A moment of clarity is worth more than a lifetime of regret.”

Q4. Can consent be revoked once it has been given?

A: Absolutely. Consent is a continuous process, not a one-time contract. Anyone can withdraw at any point, even mid-encounter. Once someone says “stop,” or shows discomfort, all activity must cease. Research in JAMA Pediatrics indicates adolescents who learn revocability early are less likely to engage in or experience sexual violence later.